Charts
Report Examines Languages on the Way to Extinction
When a language disappears, a worldview, history, and culture fade with it. There are thousands of languages at risk of going extinct, as a report from Preply shows. Their Endangered Languages Report gathers data showing where the crises are most acute, while offering hope that extinction isn’t inevitable. They’ve shown areas where revival is working, too. The study highlighted problem areas in vanishing languages, the reasons they are in danger, and hopeful signs that languages can be revived.
Click below to zoom.
Australia leads the world in the number of critically endangered languages indigenous to its borders (133). In general, the Pacific region and islands have the most endangered languages overall, at 250. Africa has the highest number of threatened languages at 217. In many of these locations, globalization puts pressure on Indigenous and isolated communities. A globalized world pushes young working-age people toward learning a globally dominant language like English or Mandarin, so they have expanded opportunities. It’s worth paying attention to the scale the study creates with at-risk, vulnerable, threatened, endangered, severely endangered, and critically endangered languages. This shows that risk is a spectrum in the world of language, just as it is in plant and animal species.
In the data, a language stands out as a relative success story. Welsh is a vulnerable language, with 19%–20% of the population speaking it. After over 50 years of effort and education, it rose to 30% of children between 3 and 15 years old who spoke it. The nation of Wales set a goal of a million fluent speakers by 2050. If they can meet that goal, it will prove that policy and education can revive a language.
The Lakota language is a cautionary tale of historical oppression. There are only 2,000 speakers today and it’s an endangered language. The United States assimilation policies pushed Indigenous people into residential schools, where children were forced to drop their language and speak English. Today, only 1% of the Lakota population of 170,000 can speak their native language fluently.
Cornish is a rare and unique language brought back from extinction. It officially went extinct in the 1800s, and thanks to a standardized written form revived and adopted in 2008, there are now 557 speakers of a once-dead language.
“Awakening” languages are revivals of once-extinct languages, like Cornish. Kaurna, an Australian language, was nearly lost when the last speaker passed away in 1929. But a program worked to revive it among 50 speakers using dictionaries, songs, and formal education programs. These aren’t the only awakening languages. Wampanoag, Palawa Kani, and Natchez have also awakened back into existence. Revitalization is slow, meticulous work, but these languages show that it’s possible.
Non-native speakers can do their part to support efforts by studying an at-risk language or helping out a revival group. Native speakers carry the heaviest burden and will most effectively save a language by teaching it to their children early. Schools and governments also have a part to play by offering classes in endangered languages. Language survival is possible when ordinary people decide the language is worth speaking.
Charts
Study Shows Where Americans Are Most Open to Age-Gap Dating
Compatibility is usually our biggest driver in the search for a romantic partner, but it turns out that age is still a major part of that compatibility. Tawkify’s matchmaking service surveyed about 98,798 Americans over two years, asking whether they’d date someone older and younger and how far outside their own age range they’d go. The data reveal both geographic and dating patterns, with a recurring pattern: smaller dating pools push singles to date across wider age ranges.
Click below to zoom.
Wyoming tops the list of states with men willing to date outside their age range. 71.1% of Wyoming singles are willing to date an average of 11.22 years older than they are. North Dakota and Alaska also appeared in the top three. Delaware emerged as an interesting outlier. They have the largest average age gap in dating among men, at 11.26 years. 93.1% of Alaskan women are open to dating older partners, and they have the nation’s largest age gap by far at 20.57 years. West Virginia and Wyoming women follow in second and third. It seems that less-populated states show greater willingness to date outside their age range, which could be a very simple explanation. A smaller dating pool means singles widening their options.
As for willingness to date younger partners, Hawaii leads for both genders. 96.8% of Hawaiian men are willing to date someone younger, with 18.59 years as an acceptable age gap. This is the widest that appears in the study. 92% of Hawaiian women are open to dating younger, but their average age gap is only 9 years. Hawaii has an older-than-average population, with a median age of 41.5 years, so this limited island dating pool makes dating younger people more common. The runners-up for willingness to date younger were Nevada, Idaho, and Maine.
According to the data, women are dramatically more open to dating older than men are. 95% of women would date an older partner, compared with 65.7% of men. This pattern flips with dating younger. 96.5% of men would date someone much younger, with a national average age difference of 14.7 years. 88.1% of women would date younger men, but at a much smaller average age gap of 7.14 years. This shows that across the country, men tend to date younger partners, while women tend to date older partners. Women are consistently willing to tolerate a wider gap when dating up.
The team threw us a little fun fact from the Guinness Book of World Records, which lists Gertrude and John Janeway, married in 1927, as the largest spousal age gap of 63 years. Age-gap relationships can succeed but face challenges like judgment and assumptions about power dynamics and differing life stages. Strong communication, shared values, and aligned goals matter most in relationships, more than the number of years lived. Geography and gender seem to shape who Americans date, but the data also suggest that openness to age-gap romances often comes down to opportunity.
Charts
Survey Finds the Most Misheard Song Lyrics
Sometimes you confidently belt out a song and discover years later that you misheard the lyrics and sang it wrong this whole time. We’ve been there. Preply unveiled a fun, often humorous study showing the most misheard song lyrics, some of which verge on ridiculous. For example, in Manfred Mann’s “Blinded by the Light,” many people hear the lyric “revved up like deuce” as “wrapped up like a douche.” That would be an embarrassing one to unleash at karaoke. The team’s data reveals that mishearing lyrics is a predictable outcome of speed, vocabulary, and accents skewed in audio mixing.
Click below to zoom.
The article introduces us to an interesting word, “mondegreen.” This word was coined in 1954 to describe a misheard lyric that can completely change a song’s meaning. Preply lists the most common causes of mondegreen as tricky vocabulary, unfamiliar accents, sound-alike words, fast tempos, unclear pronunciation, and background music that obscures vocals. Language educators love to use mondegreens as teaching moments on the importance of pronunciation and clear vocabulary.
A chart lists the most commonly misheard lyrics. As we mentioned, Alfred Mann’s “Blinded by the Light” tops the list as the most difficult to understand. AI correctly transcribed only 61% of the lyrics, and the song earned a readability score of 85 despite the song’s even pace of 80 words per minute. Jay-Z and Alicia Keys’ “Empire State of Mind” was number two on the list. The lyrics move fast at 158 words per minute, and the most famous mishearing is a hilarious mistake. The true lyric is “concrete jungle where dreams are made, oh,” but listeners believe they’re hearing “concrete jungle, wet dream, tomato.” The third on the list is Post Malone’s “Saint Tropez.” AI failed to correctly transcribe 32% of the lyrics, and, believe it or not, the real lyrics “since fetus” appear in the song, but listeners, perhaps understandably, think the lyric is “since Phoenix.” You’ll see two famously misheard songs on the list that have been the subject of memes. A lyric from Sabrina Carpenter’s summer hit “Espresso” has an “I guess so” that listeners thought was “queso.” Taylor Swift is often misheard, too, as we can see on the chart. Everyone loves to bring up the “Starbucks lovers” from “Blank Space.” (She’s saying, “long list of ex-lovers.”)
The team’s data also revealed that Lady Gaga is one of the most difficult artists to understand. She had 306 misheard lyric submissions. She tends to use unconventional pronunciation in the song “Poker Face,” which alone ranks 81st in misheard lyric reports. Taylor Swift had 300 submissions across her extensive catalog, and Kelly Clarkson rounds up the top three most misheard artists list, with “Since U Been Gone” and “Because of You” having the most misheard lyric reports.
In general, the Preply team found that strong regional accents and faster genres like rap make individual words harder to understand. Mishearing lyrics is a normal function of our brain, filling in gaps in our understanding.
Business Visualizations
Study Examines Where People Think AI Will Improve Their Work Lives
AI is embedded in workplaces worldwide by this point, and yet workers’ feelings about it vary dramatically. A study by Qualtrics examined how geography was related to feelings about AI in the workplace. They found that only 37% of workers globally believed that AI would improve their jobs. That average hides a 45-point difference between the most optimistic country, which is China, and the most skeptical, Japan.
Click here to zoom.
Nearly 80% of global companies report using AI in some capacity, and research indicates productivity gains, with lower-skilled workers benefiting the most. Even if this is the case, employee sentiment isn’t nearly as unified. The numbers the team shows here indicate a healthy level of AI skepticism. In fact, more than half of workers think AI will improve their lives in just 6 out of 32 countries studied. That means there are more skeptics than people excited about what AI will bring to the workplace. But why does optimism cluster in some regions while most remain skeptical?
Here are a few of the countries where optimism runs high:
- China – 62% of workers are optimistic
- Indonesia – 59%
- Peru – 57%
- South Africa – 53%
- Thailand – 52%
There is a mid-tier region with fewer optimistic workers, but still a healthy percentage. This includes Mexico, Brazil, India, Colombia, and Malaysia. Many of these countries have developing economies or a heavy state investment in AI infrastructure, as is the case in China. Workers in these places view AI as a tool to close skill gaps, raise wages, and improve living standards. These regional differences are easy to spot thanks to the map Qualtrics created, which color codes the level of optimism/skepticism.
At the other end of the spectrum, we find the highest number of skeptics in Western Europe and English-speaking countries. Here are the countries with the least faith in AI:
- United States – 31% of workers are optimistic
- Australia – 29%
- Great Britain – 26%
- Canada – 24%
- Japan – 17%
- Poland – 21%
The media narratives in these countries frame AI as a risk of automation-driven job loss, which shapes people’s perceptions even when AI adoption in their workplaces is the same as in optimistic locations. These nations are the same that rank lowest on the belief that AI will improve the job market.
Economic research suggests that AI tends to reshuffle tasks within a role rather than eliminate that job outright. New skills will be required to work with AI, and some positions will shift, but historically, new digital tools have created more roles than they’ve erased. The gap between the hard data and public sentiment in skeptical countries is definitely worth examining and tells a story.
As AI rolls out unevenly across the world’s workforce, it’s important for employers to understand where their employees actually stand on the issue. Beyond regional stereotypes or headline-driven assumptions, employers must look at facts like the data presented here to make thoughtful AI adoption decisions.
-
Business Visualizations2 years agoEverything Owned by Apple
-
Business Visualizations2 years agoAmerica’s Most Valuable Companies Ranked by Profit per Employee
-
Business Visualizations1 year agoThe Biggest Fortune 500 Company in Every State
-
Business Visualizations1 year agoThe Biggest Employers by Industry
-
Timelines2 years agoTimeline Charts the Development of Communications Technology
-
Business Visualizations9 months agoThe Largest Companies in America That Are Still Run by the Person Who Founded Them
-
Charts2 years agoMap Uncovers Countries with Most Powerful Passports
-
Maps2 years agoA Map to Gold and Silver



