Misc Visuals

Explore Optical Technology Through These Featured Films

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The team at Pulsar offers us a visual look at a unique niche within the film industry through the lens of optical technology. Infrared optics are used to elevate fictional settings, highlight characters, and improve camera technology and special effects. The study sheds light on a previously overlooked aspect of filmmaking and storytelling, providing a fresh perspective on films we all know and love.

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The Most Iconic Uses of Thermal Optics in Fiction

How Optical Tech Enhances Filmmaking

In the film Predator, infrared optics are a prominent feature of the storyline. An advanced race of aliens used infrared to better hunt for sport in terrifying twists and turns. But the filmmakers used infrared to their own benefit, too. They portrayed the aliens’ infrared vision by using an Inframetrics thermal video scanner to bring the vision to life. The film is full of optical challenges that director Joel Hynek overcame in fascinating ways, including the aliens’ unique camouflaging effect.

The team’s chart includes a recent and powerful sci-fi film example, Dune 2. In the film, the planet Giedi Prime is portrayed in a haunting grayscale that enhances its brutal, joyless atmosphere. The film’s director, Denis Villeneuve, used a groundbreaking technique to achieve the effect. He filmed in infrared and then removed saturation in post-production to create a unique, almost ghostly, ethereal appearance for the actors, along with a stark, sharp grading for the architecture and scenery. The technique is now known as “The Harkonnen Effect.”

Infrared technology is especially powerful when filming military movies. For example, in the Oscar-winning Zero Dark Thirty, filmmakers blended infrared light with night vision optics to create a tense atmosphere that reflected the gritty world of Navy SEAL warfare for the film’s dramatic climax. Filmmakers used infrared for a similar effect in the A24 film Zone of Interest. In the infrared scene, a woman sneaks through the cover of night to leave food for Auschwitz prisoners during the Holocaust. The director chose infrared lighting to show the act as a small, hopeful point of light during a period of intense darkness.

Optical Technology as a Plot Point

From the silly to the scary, the chart also thoroughly covers examples of optical technology used to enhance the plot or define a character. The team highlights superheroes like Daredevil and Superman. Superman uses infrared vision to store solar energy in his eyes and blast lasers at his foes, while Daredevil uses his superior senses to create a mental heat map that helps him overcome blindness. Nick Fury sports a pair of infrared glasses in Marvel’s Secret War series. The beloved cartoon alien Stitch from Disney’s Lilo & Stitch boasts a long list of special abilities, including heat vision that causes his eyes to glow red.

Plenty more military films are featured here, too, starring characters from the armed services who use real technology to overcome tremendous odds. Some of the weapons featured include a Barrett M82A1, PVS-7 goggles, and Accufire Incendis.

Pulsar’s roundup of optical technology used in film does a perfect job of demonstrating both realistic and imaginative uses of the tech, as well as demonstrating the ways filmmakers have applied new optical technology to cameras to push the limits of special effects and filmmaking.

 

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Charts

Study Reveals How Age Shapes Social Media Preferences

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Social media platforms connect billions of people worldwide every day, but these platforms aren’t uniform. They’re diverse micro-societies reflecting different age groups at different rates. Ooma’s new infographic analyzes social media usage patterns to deliver insights about generational preferences and a picture of the digital landscape’s influence on information spread.

The Ooma team used data from the Pew Research Center’s Social Media Fact Sheet and other reputable sources of social media demographics. Their approach gives us domestic and global information on platform usage numbers, which is valuable for researchers, marketers, and the digitally curious.

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What is the most popular social media platform for each age group?

A stand-out finding is YouTube’s enormous popularity across all American age groups. The platform brags 93% usage among 18–29-year-olds, 94% among 30–49-year-olds, 86% among 50–64-year-olds, and 65% among those 65 and older. YouTube is so widely used that it’s the second-largest search platform after Google. Anyone who wants quick video results can turn to YouTube to ask questions, but more than that, it’s a source of entertainment and education, too. With something for everyone, it’s no wonder YouTube is universally popular.

Facebook offered us some surprising data. It’s usually considered a platform for older generations, but the data defies this stereotype and shows us a platform with cross-generational appeal. 68% of people between 18 and 29 reported Facebook usage, and 78% between ages 30 and 49 did too. These numbers among younger people are nothing to sneeze at. Facebook has over 3 billion users worldwide, with a user base that clearly encompasses more than baby boomers and Generation X. Facebook’s staying power is impressive given the rise of up-and-coming apps like TikTok and Snapchat.

While YouTube and Facebook enjoy universal appeal, the infographic does reveal some age-based patterns for certain platforms. TikTok is certainly popular among younger users, with 59% of people aged 18 to 29 reporting that they use it, and only 10% of users over 65. TikTok’s user base tends to be young worldwide, with 30% of its users aged 18 to 24, and 21% between 13 and 17.

LinkedIn skews much older with usage peaking among 50- to 64-year-olds. This is no surprise as LinkedIn is primarily a professional platform made for business connections rather than entertainment or social sharing.

The data also reflects major shake-ups in a social media company that affect user bases. X, formerly known as Twitter, lost 2.7 million active users in just two months in December of 2024 after actions taken by CEO Elon Musk. The platform seems most geared toward people between 18 and 34, who comprise 34% of the user base.

These patterns show how age groups can affect social media usage and suggest what aspects of a platform attract different groups. The findings underscore how important it is for platforms of all kinds to adapt to changing culture and demographic needs or risk being left behind as exciting new platforms rise to take their place.

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Business Visualizations

30 Statistics That Show the Alarming Reality of Data Breaches

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Ooma’s new infographic shows that data breaches are a huge concern and much more common than we would like to think. Their new graphic offers 30 statistic-based facts that show us the harsh reality. Companies have limited time to react to data breaches before they hit the news cycle, and software developers have to stay on their toes to prevent security threats. Data breaches hand over customer contact details, proprietary software, and employee information to bad actors, so taking these threats seriously is of the utmost importance.

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30 Statistics About Data Breaches

Record High Levels of Financial Damage

The financial stakes of data breaches have never been higher. The data shows that in 2024, the average global cost of a data breach reached an all-time high of $4.88 million, a 10% increase. On average, American organizations bear the highest costs, at $9.36 million per breach. The U.S. healthcare industry is hit the hardest, with average data breach costs around $9.77 million.

Mega breaches incur the highest costs and the most damage. A mega breach involves over a million records and costs an enormous $375 million to rectify. The largest data breach was the Change Healthcare attack in February 2024, which exposed 190 million medical records and caused over $2 billion in damages. This was the largest medical data breach in American history.

Human Error Leads to Cyberattacks

55% of all data breaches are malicious attacks, with the remaining attacks split between human error and system failures. This shows that nearly half of breaches are due to internal vulnerabilities instead of being caused by the power of a sophisticated external attack. Out of all applications, Microsoft Office suffers 69.1% of cyberattacks, which means that everyday office tools can become a major target, taking advantage of employee vulnerability.

When someone inside an organization leads the attack, the expenses are highest, averaging $4.99 million. Ransomware is still a big danger, with the costs of attacks increasing by 500% between 2023 and 2024 and the average recovery cost around $2.73 million.

Delays in Detection and Containment

The amount of time it takes for organizations to detect a data breach is a bit shocking. It takes an average of 204 days to discover the breach and then another 73 days to contain it. That’s a nearly 10-month data exposure window. Most distressing is the fact that personal data breaches take the longest to detect and contain – an average of 292 days.

Recovery and Data Breach Prevention

The aftermath of a data breach remains a big challenge. Only 12% of businesses report making a full financial recovery after the breach. 70% of breached organizations have significant disruptions to business, and only 1% describe the breach as low-impact. Healthcare businesses have the longest-lasting effects with major damage to their reputation. They need to spend 79% more on marketing for the two years following a data breach. Strategic investments in cybersecurity offer stronger protection, and using AI in security operations can save around $2.2 million. Overall, this graphic emphasizes the importance of investing in strong cybersecurity.

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Charts

A Hidden Health Crisis: Where Children Drink the Most Soda

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A new study from the PA Requirements team unveiled regional patterns in children’s soda consumption across the U.S. Some states have consumption rates up to five times higher than others, revealing some truly alarming statistics. The map is based on the CDC’s Youth Risk Behavior Survey, which included 42 states in a week-long analysis of soda drinking behavior. The end result is a map that paints a concerning picture of soda consumption among American children.

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In Which States Do Children Drink the Most Soda?

West Virginia is at the top of the list, with 22.5% of high schoolers there reporting that they drank soda twice or more every day. That’s one in four West Virginia teens having several sodas every single day. Kentucky is close behind, with 18.5% of teens drinking multiple sodas, followed by Mississippi at 17.1%. These numbers seem especially high compared to the state with the lowest consumption, Massachusetts. Only 4.9% of teenagers there reported drinking multiple sodas a day.

The survey asked students to report their soda consumption with one of three answers each day: didn’t drink any soda, drank one soda, or drank two or more sodas. Responses show that children in Southern states drank the most soda.

Unfortunately, the results show us more than beverage preferences. There are a lot of health implications we can glean from these results. One soda contains 7 to 10 teaspoons of sugar, comprised of high-fructose corn syrup. For small children, the impacts of consuming so much processed sugar are even more pronounced. High sugar consumption is linked to obesity, dental disease, sleep disruption, and type 2 diabetes.

Children are also more prone to developing a sugar addiction. Drinking too much sugar leads children to develop a sugar addiction and symptoms of excessive sugar consumption, which include weight gain, mood swings, and trouble focusing.

The map colors show us a “sugar belt” across the Southern United States, with seven of the top highest consuming states located in the South. Research has shown that education impacts nutritional choices as well as income levels. Some of the states on the high end of the spectrum have lower public school ratings and high poverty levels, so it seems this isn’t coincidental. Culture may play a part as well. With many soda companies originating in the South, it might be that Southerners enjoy soda more and have normalized having a soda with meals.

Understanding soda consumption rates and health risks can help parents and educators make informed decisions about health choices for children. We don’t always realize how much soda we’re consuming until we look at hard data like this. This map and research underscore the need for soda-drinking interventions, especially in certain regions. While soda is a good treat, it’s not intended to be drunk daily, especially not for children. Through studies like this, awareness, and education, we can improve the health of American children.

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