Business Visualizations

Research Uncovers the Industries with the Highest Turnover Rates in the U.S.

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The Qualtrics research team examined the employee turnover rates across American industries to identify which sectors struggle the most with workforce retention and which offer the greatest stability. The team defined a turnover rate as the percentage of hires, layoffs, and quits among an industry’s workforce. Turnover rates can vary widely across industries and can indicate a range of conditions for workers, from economic instability to dangerous jobs with high injury rates. High turnover can also be very costly for the businesses within those industries.

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The team created a chart to visualize data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. They measured hire rates, layoff/discharge rates, and quit rates. Here are the top 5 results from each category:

The highest hiring rates: Arts, entertainment, and recreation; accommodation and food services; leisure and hospitality; retail trade; and professional and business services.

The highest layoff/discharge rates: Arts, entertainment, and recreation; professional and business services; construction; transportation, warehousing, and utilities; and mining and logging.

The highest quit rates: Accommodation and food services; leisure and hospitality; retail trade; professional and business services; trade, transportation, and utilities.

Arts and entertainment stand out as a highly unstable industry with high hiring and layoff rates, meaning it has by far the highest turnover. On the low end of these measures, we find the federal government and finance sectors.

High turnover rates should concern more than employees. They don’t favor businesses either. Hiring new workers can be very expensive, as the business must cover job advertising, recruitment agency fees, training costs, and other onboarding expenses. According to Cornell University, it costs an average of $5,864 to replace an employee. If we examine the high-turnover food service industry, we find that a restaurant with 50 employees would need to replace two employees per month at a 4.7% turnover rate. Over the course of the year, replacing two employees a month would cost the restaurant $150,000. Setting aside the costs, high turnover can disrupt workflow and add workload and stress for staff, lowering morale, quality, and brand reputation. We saw this happen in another high-turnover industry. Both the Screen Actors’ Guild and the Writers’ Guild have made headlines for massive strikes that delayed film projects for years.

The team pointed out that a report from the Society for Human Resource Management identified the top three reasons for turnover as employee dissatisfaction with compensation, lack of career development, and workplace inflexibility. These are all common factors in the industries with the highest rates. Industries like food service, retail, and hospitality all have high levels of burnout, employees who feel they’re in stagnant careers, and demanding schedules that require work on weekends and holidays. These factors create unsatisfied workers who don’t stick around in the industry.

The COVID-19 pandemic led many people to consider the importance of workplace safety and a work culture that makes employees feel the company takes their health seriously. There were high turnover rates during this time across industries, and we learned that many companies fell short in protecting workers from illness. The Qualtrics study is packed full of data points with far-reaching implications like these.

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Business Visualizations

How the Top 25 College Majors Have Shifted: Student Choice’s 2026 Update

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Student Choice has released the 206 updated version of its ongoing study tracking how America’s most popular college majors have changed over time. The analysis drew data from 105,623 student loan applications, using them as a proxy for where students are placing their bets on their future. The idea is that a student’s choice of major reveals more than their individual preferences. They can reflect labor shortages, salary expectations, emerging technologies, and shifting cultural attitudes about which degrees are most valuable. The team also supplied a graph comparing today’s top majors with those from four and eight years ago.

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How Have the Top 25 Most Popular College Majors Changed Over Time? – Updated 2026

There has been a lot of disruption in recent years, but business majors have held steady. Business has been the leading major commanding between 11.45% and 12.81% of applications in 2017 and 2023. But that dominance has wobbled. In 2025, only 5.27% of applications were for a business major, but that percentage spiked back up in 2026 to 11.94%, still making it the most popular major.

Healthcare was consistently a top-two major for years, peaking in 2023 at 10.87% of applications. Now, nursing has tumbled to just 1.71% of applications in 2026. Health sciences replaced it to turn 9.81% with allied health sciences, public health, physical therapy, physician assistant studies, dentistry, and pharmacy, all landing in the top 25 of most popular majors.

The biggest growth seen in the study is in engineering and aviation. Engineering climbed from 3.91% to 7.37% in 2026. A 3.46-point gain is one of the biggest increases in this dataset. Aviation didn’t crack the top 25 of majors until 2025, when it had explosive growth, then settled into fourth place in 2026 at 5.88%. The surge in aviation maintenance rankings points to broader interest in the field, likely inspired by well-documented pilot shortages. When there’s a need, hungry young students will step up to fill it.

Psychology enjoyed modest and steady growth, inching from 4.99% in 2017 to 5.59% in 2026. Computer science took a surprising fall from a rising 3.61% to only .24% in 2026, ranking dead last in the top 25. Student Choice believes this could be due to some reporting category changes in 2025, but also speaks to the volatility of the tech job market.

Liberal arts and education lost ground, with education sliding from 5.99% of applications in 2017 to 3.70% in 2026. This decline is linked to teaching wages failing to keep up with other fields. Communications, English, and History all dropped off the top 25 entirely, yet Fine Arts bucked the trend, doubling in popularity from 1.35% to 2.25%, cracking the top ten most popular majors.

Overall, students are becoming more specialized and career-focused, drawn to healthcare, engineering, and aviation, while retreating from generalist majors and degrees that were once safe bets. The team at Student Choice cites finances as one of the biggest concerns central to a student’s decision on what major they choose

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Business Visualizations

A Guide to Cybersecurity for Small Business

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Small business owners wear many hats, but cybersecurity has slowly become one of the largest and flashiest hats. Ooma created a cybersecurity guide for small business owners, presented in a detailed chart that tackles a problem most owners face, but few know how to navigate. They struggle to figure out which protections really matter and which investments are simply expensive noise. The stakes are real. The team’s data show that 67% of businesses report more cyberattacks in 2024, and more than 40% of attacks target small businesses specifically. The team’s core message is one of hope: the basics of cybersecurity are far simpler than the security industry makes them seem.

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Cybersecurity for small business: what you actually need (and what you don’t)

What Owners Really Need

The team’s suggestions are organized into a clear checklist. Multi-factor authentication tops the list as the single most effective tactic small businesses should use. It requires a second verification step after the typical password. From there, the list includes automatic software updates to patch security updates, strong passwords, and regular data backups that are tested so ransomware can’t hold operations hostage.

The human layer gets equal consideration. Training staff to spot phishing emails, limiting system access to only those who need it, and managing company devices with the ability to remotely lock them or wipe misplaced phones and laptops are all important guidelines. Rounding out the list are secure Wi-Fi and router settings, email protections, vendor security reviews, asset inventories, and a written incident response plan that guides employees on how to respond rather than scrambling during a cyberattack.

The Steps You Can Skip

The guide stands out from other security content in this section. It doesn’t shy away from naming the protections most small businesses are oversold. They name a full in-house Security Operations Center, custom SIEM platforms, and overlapping tools as the most unnecessary. Biometric logins and enterprise-grade custom solutions are labeled as answers to problems that don’t exist at the scale of a small business. Cyber insurance was a solid maybe that could be useful, but no substitute for backups and multi-factor authentication.

Situations That Call for Advanced Security

The article doesn’t label cybersecurity as one-size-fits-all. They list businesses in the financial, legal, and health data sectors as needing advanced cybersecurity, which could include customer portals, telehealth systems, and e-commerce backends. Not only are these data types subject to privacy laws, but when these systems go down, businesses can pay a heavy toll, so stronger defenses are worth the investment.

The team’s overall message is that cybersecurity isn’t all-or-nothing. Small businesses should build a solid foundation and scale up only when risk and growth push them to do so. Some of the guide’s authoritative sources include the FTC, NIST, CISA, and SBA. The guide makes cybersecurity feel manageable for small businesses by focusing on practical steps instead of expensive extras. Strong passwords, backups, training, and multi-factor authentication create a reliable foundation. As risks grow, businesses can add advanced protections, but the smartest first move is mastering the basics.

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Business Visualizations

Which Countries Are Winning the Digital Infrastructure Race?

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The invisible digital infrastructure is all around us. It powers every bank login, online order, every text sent, and every social media update posted. Vast networks that many of us rarely think about make these actions possible. Access to the digital infrastructure shapes a population’s economic standing and it even keeps entire governments running smoothly. Therefore, it’s no surprise that some countries spend huge sums to stay competitive in the digital infrastructure sector and there are clear winners as we can see in Ooma’s new study.

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Which countries invest the most in digital infrastructure?

Think of this way: rather than roads and bridges, broadband networks, data centers, and cloud systems, the key to mobile connectivity is a country’s most valuable asset, which powers AI servers and social media. Advanced digital infrastructure correlates with higher GDP growth, higher productivity, a viable remote workforce, and a more digitally skilled workforce. These systems also allow faster access to government services, which can even be lifesaving since they offer quicker communication during emergencies like natural disasters.

The team’s study found 5 countries leading this digital infrastructure race. Sweden is in first place now with strong assets across the board, led by broadband subscriptions and business R&D spending. Israel is in second place with outsized venture capital relative to their GDP and heavy research funding into digital infrastructure. South Korea is in third, powered by ICT patents and top-tier broadband reach. Believe it or not, Estonia edges out the U.S. in fourth place. They’re a global digital pioneer with the most ICT investment as a share of GDP. The U.S. ranks #5, driven by digitally deliverable services and venture capital. The team used a points-based score across seven OECD measures, which include ICT investment, broadband, venture capital investment, M2M SIM cards, ICT patents, digital services trade, and business R&D.

These investments have a number of real-world impacts. In Estonia, they have nearly all their government services available online and a digital ID that can be used for everything from remote voting to public transport. Sweden has a highly developed e-commerce sector, universal household Internet connectivity, and, as a result, Stockholm is Europe’s financial hub. In Israel, the National Digital Agency and the Digital Israel initiative weave tech across education, government, and healthcare, transforming the country into a startup magnet. South Korea has one of the fastest Internet speeds globally and they dominate consumer electronics, competitive gaming, and semiconductors.

Countries investing in digital infrastructure are positioned to be world superpowers. Businesses in these countries benefit from fast communication and a digitally literate workforce. But seamless connectivity shouldn’t depend on geography. Every country and all people can benefit from a more digitally connected world, so the more countries that improve their digital infrastructure, the better. The leading countries on this chart can serve as role models while countries further down the list highlight areas for improvement and potential investment.

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