Finance Visualizations

150 Years of U.S. National Debt in One Chart

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Today, the national debt of the United States of America stands at an eye-watering 28 trillion dollars and rising. The CARES Act of 2020 and other stimulus bills due to COVID have added massive increases in a short period of time. To see how we got to this place to being with Visual Capitalist has this great interactive timeline of US debt over the past 150 years.

Click below to use the interactive version

150-years-us-national-debt-chartistry

Starting in the year 1900 only 4.8% of the total national debt was held by the public. After World War I in 1910 that percentage jumped to 10. In 1920 following the Great Depression that number doubled to 22.9%. Ten years later that number would be in the billions, 16 billion to be exact with President Roosevelt’s New Deal in 1930. World War II would see this number jump to 40 billion or 75.1% of the GDP. The Korean War of 1950 would add hundreds of billions to the debt clock in only ten years bringing the total in 1950 to $257 billion but bringing the GDP down to 56.8%. The next big increase would come in 1980 when president Reagan introduced his tax cuts causing the gross debt to jump to over 900 billion. Ten years later it would see another massive jump to over $3,233 billion dollars with the Gulf War. Thirty years later the COVID-19 pandemic caused the average debt held by the public to sky rocket to 105.6 percent in 2020 , over $27,748 billion dollars. By 2050 it is estimated that the percentage of debt held by the public will be almost 200 percent.

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Business Visualizations

New Study Ranks College Degrees by Return on Investment

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With the high cost of college tuition making headlines, choosing a college major wisely becomes a crucial financial decision. Student Choice has analyzed college majors by their return on investment (ROI) and created a graph that ranks degrees by their ROI. Passion is certainly an important factor in choosing a college major, but knowing the ROI of a major helps prospective students plan for their future and understand their future financial prospects. This graph is a powerful tool for navigating a competitive job market.

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The Most Popular College Degrees Ranked by Return on Investment (ROI) After 5 Years in the Workforce

We can see STEM dominating the results, with an Engineering degree claiming the highest ROI at 326.6%. Computer Science earns second place with a 310.3% ROI, and Nursing has a 280.9% ROI. Student Choice gathered its data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and compared five-year earnings to the cost of four years of college tuition. Unfortunately, Liberal Arts subjects are at the bottom of the list, although they still show a positive ROI. Education majors have a 169.8% ROI and Fine Arts have the lowest ROI at 163.3%.

The team also provided data on individual professions for which these majors qualify. The highest-paid engineers appear to be Aerospace engineers, with a whopping 427% ROI on their engineering degrees. Computer and IT Systems Managers with a degree in Computer Science have an even greater ROI, at 553.7%. Although Liberal Arts degrees have the lowest ROIs, there are still significant opportunities available in specific arts-related professions. For example, marketing managers can achieve a 511.4% ROI and earn degrees in Liberal Arts, Fine Arts, or Graphic Design to qualify. Art Directors show strong earning potential within the creative sector, with a 347.9% ROI.

Some might look at this data and conclude that they can aim for some of these careers without a four-year degree. Others might research how much more they would earn in the career path with a four-year degree. Many employers are willing to pay higher salaries to employees with higher levels of education. Some sectors offer student loan forgiveness options, which can help maximize ROI. There’s a public education loan forgiveness program that forgives student loans for teachers who work in low-income school districts for a certain length of time. Borrowers may find more flexible loan solutions from credit unions compared to federal loan systems as well. Data like this is key to helping prospective students plan for the future and achieve the best ROI.

While the data is useful and well-presented, all prospective students should consider several angles when making an important decision, like which major to declare. In addition to ROI, consider your personal instincts, financial circumstances, skills, and potential career satisfaction. While financial security is important and a strong ROI will help you secure it, job satisfaction is an important aspect of future happiness. Even so, Student Choice’s work here can help all prospective students plan for their financial future.

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Business Visualizations

Chart Visualizes the Price of the Ford Mustang Every Year Since Debut

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The Ford Mustang is a legendary American muscle car that symbolizes the culture of open-road freedom. The Ford Motor Company designed the vehicle to embody the European sports car, but with a price point that’s more attainable for middle-class Americans. The idea was a massive success. The first Mustang debuted in 1964, and the Mustang enjoys a legacy and loyal fans to this day. The team at Speedway Motors celebrates the Mustang with an illustrated graphic depicting each Mustang iteration, along with the price at release and the price adjusted for inflation.

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The Price of a Mustang Every Year Since 1964, Adjusted for Inflation

Through this detailed and illustrated chart, we can see the evolution of this vehicle. The first Mustang Hardtop was priced at $2,368, which is $24,3444 in today’s market, emphasizing its affordability in the world of muscle cars. While the Mustang was a gamble, it proved to be a phenomenon and sold over 100,000 cars in its first four months. The Mustangs’ popularity persisted throughout the ‘60s, and Ford focused on improved performance and power, which meant prices rose. This trend continued until the early ‘70s gas crisis when Ford had to adjust to new consumer demands for better fuel mileage. They designed the Mustang II with a smaller chassis and less muscle to adjust to the changes in the economy.

The Mustang’s popularity hit a dip in the early ‘80s, and the Camaro almost outsold it. Ford innovated and adjusted again with the release of the Fox Mustang, designed to be versatile as a day-to-day muscle car. As technology advanced into the ‘90s, Ford introduced popular new features like a V8 engine and SN-95 chassis, which we can see featured in the Mustang GT.

Today’s Mustang is loaded with the most innovative features, designed for performance and comfort. The current model is the Dark Horse Premium, which sells for $69,375. While it’s a flashy and popular car, it lacks some of the performance boosts of past models, yet the price is high.

The Mustangs’ prices have risen a lot over the decades, for several key reasons besides inflation. First, safety standards have increased with innovative technology making drivers safer. Some safety features are required, while others are sought-after bonuses that drivers are looking for. A key aspect of a muscle car is the power and performance. Modern technology advances the performance of the vehicle, but that engineering comes at a higher price point. Material costs have advanced as well, from labor to raw materials. Cars, in general, are now more expensive to build.

The team’s chart is a true testament to the power of visual data. Through the images and price points, we can see changes in the Mustang reflecting cultural and economic shifts, creating a fascinating timeline of an icon among automobiles. Do you have a favorite Mustang model? What do you think about the price changes over time?

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Charts

Study Examines What Americans Spend the Most Money On

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As the economy shifts, we can see changes in consumer spending habits, as reflected in this Qualtrics study, which reveals what Americans spend the most money on. These insights show us what Americans prioritize and how much flexible spending money they have available for non-essentials. Using data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the team created a chart breaking down spending by category and then a further breakdown of spending categories by income bracket.

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What Do Americans Spend the Most on Each Year?

According to the data collected, Americans spend around $77,280 per year. This spending was divided into these categories, ranked by the amount spent on each.

  1. Housing – $25,436 (32.9% of total annual expenses)
  2. Transportation – $13,174 (17% of total annual expenses)
  3. Food – $9,985 (12.9% of total annual expenses)
  4. Personal insurance and pensions – $9,556 (12.4% of total annual expenses)
  5. Healthcare – $6,159 (8% of total annual expenses)
  6. Utilities, fuels, and public services – $4,625 (6% of total annual expenses)
  7. Entertainment – $3,635 (4.7% of total annual expenses)
  8. Household furnishings and equipment – $2,508 (3.2% of total annual expenses)
  9. Apparel and services – $2,041 (2.6% of total annual expenses)
  10. Personal care products and services – $950 (1.2% of total annual expenses)
  11. Alcoholic beverages – $637 (0.8% of total annual expenses)
  12. Tobacco products and smoking supplies – $370 (0.5% of total annual expenses)

Across income categories, Americans spent the most money on housing, which comes as no surprise. Housing costs and mortgage interest rates have been on the rise since 2020 in response to a shortage in housing stock. That means Americans must spend more if they dream of home ownership. The team’s data takes rent into account as well.

Many people also spent a lot on transportation. This is due to a combination of rising fuel costs leading to higher vehicle prices, as well as parts shortages that affected vehicle stock and prices. Another necessity takes number three on the list. According to the data, Americans are spending $1,174 a month on groceries. Grocery prices have dominated newsfeeds for the past few years. We all need food to survive, so seeing this item so far up the list is no surprise.

With so much uncertainty in the world, it seems Americans are investing heavily in insurance and pensions. The data shows that the more money someone makes, the more they spend on insurance, which makes sense as they need to protect expensive assets. Insurance can help offset unforeseen costs and protect investments. Unfortunately, this insurance spending is shared with high healthcare spending as well. Americans spend more than most citizens of other wealthy nations. As the cost of living has increased, so have health insurance premiums. Healthcare spending not only includes health insurance, but also co-pays, medical supplies, and surprise bills.

We live in an era full of strange relationships with money and wealth. Many Gen Z Americans state feeling “pressured” to show off wealth and luxury on social media, while 41% of Americans don’t feel they’re financially secure. Despite rising expenses, Americans still enjoy shopping, with many of them choosing to go shopping as a treat once a month. Gen Z cites boredom as their number one reason for spending money. Even so, 73% say they are willing to cut back on their daily spending to save for longer-term goals. It seems that although prices are rising, many Americans, particularly younger ones, are still willing to spend on a variety of areas.

 

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